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Neuro-Ophthalmic

Skew Deviation

Also known as: skew deviation, brainstem vertical diplopia, vertical diplopia dizziness, ocular tilt reaction, vestibular diplopia

Filed as: Urgent

Source-cited from the record's own evidence list. Clinical content programme led by Dr Ankit Mathur, PhD, Grad Cert Ocu Thera, B.S. Optom. How the clinical content is governed

Overview

A vertical or torsional misalignment of brainstem or vestibular origin, often accompanied by dizziness, imbalance or nausea. It can resemble a fourth nerve palsy but frequently fails to follow the expected three-step pattern, and an ocular tilt reaction may be present. Because the localisation is posterior circulation, a new skew deviation warrants urgent neurological assessment rather than prism management.

Recognition

Symptoms: what patients report

  • Binocular vertical, diagonal, or torsional diplopia.
  • May be associated with dizziness, ataxia, imbalance, nausea, or other neurologic symptoms.
  • Can resemble CN IV palsy but often does not fit a classic superior oblique pattern.

Signs: what the examination shows

  • Vertical misalignment that may not follow the Parks-Bielschowsky pattern.
  • Possible ocular torsion or ocular tilt reaction.
  • Other vestibular or brainstem signs may be present.

What OptoGuide™ covers for skew deviation

  • Pattern reasoning: what this combination of findings points to, and its differentiators
  • Don't-miss risks and escalation triggers
  • Management tiers with linked Australian therapeutics
  • Referral urgency, specialty, and letter drafting

Sources

Standard texts: Kanski's Clinical Ophthalmology: A Systematic Approach, Oxford Handbook of Ophthalmology, Oxford American Handbook of Ophthalmology, Signs in Ophthalmology: Causes & Differential Diagnosis.

Full bibliography

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