Posterior Segment

Hypertensive Retinopathy

Also known as: hypertensive retinopathy, hypertensive retinal changes, AV nicking, arteriolar narrowing, flame haemorrhages, cotton wool spots, malignant hypertension

Overview

Hypertensive retinopathy reflects retinal vascular damage related to elevated blood pressure. Mild chronic signs support systemic risk communication; haemorrhages, cotton wool spots, macular involvement, or disc swelling require urgent medical assessment for severe or malignant hypertension.

What OptoGuide™ covers for hypertensive retinopathy

  • Recognition patterns — symptoms, signs, and differentiators
  • Don't-miss risks and escalation triggers
  • Management tiers with linked Australian therapeutics
  • Referral urgency, specialty, and letter drafting

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